See glottalize on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"glottal",
"glottal#English"
],
[
"*-id-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*-idyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
],
[
"*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
],
[
"-ῐ́ζω",
"-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
],
[
"-izō",
"-izo#Latin"
],
[
"-iser",
"-iser#Middle_French"
],
[
"-isen",
"-isen#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
],
[
"glottal",
"glottal#English"
],
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "glottal",
"4": "-ize",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish glottal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish glottalize\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"glottalize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"glottalize\">\nFrom glottal + -ize.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish glottal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish glottalize\nFrom glottal + -ize.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glottalizes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glottalizing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glottalized",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "glottalized",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "glottalize (third-person singular simple present glottalizes, present participle glottalizing, simple past and past participle glottalized)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ize",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "en:Phonology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "deglottalize"
},
{
"word": "preglottalize"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply glottalization while articulating another sound."
],
"id": "en-glottalize-en-verb-eDtwK1Rf",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"glottalization",
"glottalization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) To apply glottalization while articulating another sound."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"word": "glottalisieren"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"word": "yolchʼił"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "glottalizírovat'",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "глоттализировать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"word": "glotalizar"
}
]
}
],
"word": "glottalize"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "deglottalize"
},
{
"word": "preglottalize"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"glottal",
"glottal#English"
],
[
"*-id-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*-idyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
],
[
"*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
],
[
"-ῐ́ζω",
"-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
],
[
"-izō",
"-izo#Latin"
],
[
"-iser",
"-iser#Middle_French"
],
[
"-isen",
"-isen#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
],
[
"glottal",
"glottal#English"
],
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "glottal",
"4": "-ize",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish glottal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish glottalize\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-iser\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"glottalize\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"glottalize\">\nFrom glottal + -ize.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish glottal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLate Latin -izōder.\nMiddle French -iserbor.\nMiddle English -isen\nEnglish -ize\nEnglish glottalize\nFrom glottal + -ize.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glottalizes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glottalizing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "glottalized",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "glottalized",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "glottalize (third-person singular simple present glottalizes, present participle glottalizing, simple past and past participle glottalized)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms suffixed with -ize",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Russian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"To apply glottalization while articulating another sound."
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"glottalization",
"glottalization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) To apply glottalization while articulating another sound."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"word": "glottalisieren"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"word": "yolchʼił"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "glottalizírovat'",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "глоттализировать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to apply glottalization",
"word": "glotalizar"
}
],
"word": "glottalize"
}
Download raw JSONL data for glottalize meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.